细数雅思单选题常见的3个“套路”

风向不变

　　听力单选题一直是各位烤鸭冲击高分的“拦.路.虎”，随着近两年听力中单选题在考试中比例的上升，这个“拦.路.虎”正在给烤鸭们造成越来越多的困扰，今天北京新东方雅思老师高老师就来阐述下单选题中那些最常见的“套路”，耐心看完对你一定有帮助，文章最后会有总结。
　　在了解“套路”之前，先确定单选题目前在真题中存在的形式和特点：
　　1. 单选题目前主要出现在听力的p art2以及p art3部分
　　2. p art2的听力形式是一个人的独白， 而p art3是2~3个人的对话(有男女的区分)
　　#套路1：“男女顺序”暗藏玄机
　　我们之前提到第三部分的题目是2—3个人的对话（一般会有男女的区分），而单选题中常出现的一类问题就是针对对话中某个人的观点，比如下面的21题询问的就是男生Jack的观点：
　　21. Why is Jack interested in investigating seed germination？
　　A.He may do a module on a related topic later on.
　　B.He wants to have a career in plant Science.
　　C.He is thinking of choosing this topic for his dissertation.
　　下面的26题询问的就是女生Hiroko的观点：
　　26. Why is Hiroko feeling more positive about tutorials now？
　　A.She finds the other students’ opinions more interesting.
　　B.She is making more of a c ontribution.
　　C.The tutor includes her in the discussion.
　　这种询问男生或女生的题目暗藏什么玄机呢？根据大量剑桥真题的分析发现两点：
　　1）如果题干询问的是男生的观点，那答--案就是由男生给出的，反之亦然。所以在听题时，区分男女说的话，可以大量减少听题内容，精确找准出题的位置。
　　2）如果题干询问的是男生的观点，而女生如果提到选项的内容，那该选项基本是干扰项，反之亦然。所以在听题时，注意异性的观点是否出现在选项中，如果出现基本可以排除。
　　比如剑桥13Test1Section3的21题：
　　21.Why is Jack interested in investigating seed germination？
　　A.He may do a module on a related topic later on.
　　B.He wants to have a career in plant Science.
　　C.He is thinking of choosing this topic for his dissertation.
　　该题题干中询问的是Jack（男）的观点，答--案自然也是由男生给出，答--案句如下：
　　Emma：OK. Any p articular reason？ I know you're hoping to work in plant science（B） eventually ...
　　Jack：Yeah， but practically everything we do is going to feed into that. No， there’s an optional module on seed structure and function in the third year that l might do. so I thought it might be useful for that. （A）If I choose that option， I don’t have to do a dissertation module.
　　在跟答--案句接近的位置题目中的另一个人Emma（女）提到了plant science（B选项），而由Jack（男）所给出的正确答--案是A.
　　同样的套路还出现在了下面的题目剑桥12Test5Section3的23题：
　　23.Stewart expects that in the future libraries will
　　A maintain their traditional function.
　　B bec ome centres for local c ommunities.
　　C no longer c ontain any books.
　　题目中问的是Stewart（男生）的观点，答--案也是有由男生给出的，我们看下原文是如何描述的：
　　Trudie： Mm. I expect that libraries will go on evolving in the next few years. Some have already bec ome centres where c ommunity （B）activities take place， like local clubs meeting there. I think that'll bec ome even more c ommon.
　　Stewart： I'd like to think so， and that they'll still be serving their traditional function， but I’m not so sure. There are financial implications， after all. What I'm afraid will happen is that books and magazines will all disappear， and there'll just be rows and rows of c omputers.（C） They won't look anything like the libraries we're used to.
　　首先答--案依然是由Stewart（男）给出的（C为正确答--案），同时女生Trudie通过centres和c ommunity两个词也提到了B选项，按照“套路2”同样可以排除B。
　　同样的套路还出现在剑桥13Test1的25题/剑桥9Test1的30题等…
　套路2：“同意”之前是答--案
　　在雅思听力p art3中，有一部分题目专门询问两个人共同的观点，比较典型的特点就是题目中会出现agree，比如：
　　24.Trevor and Stephanie agree that c omics
　　A. are inferior to books.
　　B. have the potential for being useful.
　　C. disc ourage children from using their imagination.
　　22.Jack and Emma agree the main advantage of their present experiment is that it can be
　　A. described very easily.
　　B. carried out inside the laboratory.
　　C. c ompleted in the time available.
　　这类题目最大的特点就是，一方会提出自己的观点，这些观点是有可能出现在选项里面的，但是重要的是另一方必须表现出同意才能确定答--案。
　　例如剑桥雅思12Test5中的22题：
　　22.They agree that one disadvantage of free digitalised books is that
　　A they may take a long time to read.
　　B they can be difficult to read.
　　C they are generally old.
　　题目中两个人对于digitalised books进行了讨论，两个人同意它的缺点是什么，原文如下：
　　Stewart：But the digitalised books that are available online for free are mostly out of c opyright， aren't they？ And c opyright in this c ountry lasts for 70 years after the author dies. So you won't find the latest best-seller or up-to-date information（C）.
　　Trudie： That’s an important point. Anyway， I find it hard to c oncentrate when I'm reading a long text on a screen. I'd much rather read a physical book. And it takes longer to read on a screen（A）.
　　Stewart： Oh， I prefer it. I suppose it's just a personal preference.
　　首先男生Stewart提出了digitalised books的缺点便是大多都过 时，找不到比较新的版本 （即题目 中 C  选 项），此时他的同 伴 T r u d i e赞 同了他的观 点（Th at’s an important p a r t），所以可以确定答--案C。但是原文中依然出现了干扰选项，我们完全可以通过Stewart的回答看出，他并没有同意，而是觉得是个人喜好。当我们听到某个选项信息的时候，一定要注意另一个人的态度，往往表达同意这句话的前面便是答--案。
　　我们再看一道剑桥13Test1的24题：
　　24.They agree that Graves' book on seed germination is disappointing because
　　A. it fails to c over recent advances in seed science.
　　B. the c ontent is irrelevant for them.
　　C. its focus is very theoretical.
　　答--案如下：
　　Emma：  The one by Graves？ I looked through it for my last experiment， though it wasn't all that relevant(B) there. It would be for this experiment， though. I found it quite hard to follow ， lots about the theory(C)， which I hadn’t expected.
　　Jack：Yes， I’d been hoping for something more practical.
　　答--案中Emma首先提到了not all that relevant，对应到了题目中的B选项（干扰），但是在这句话后面并没有另一个人的观点，而是出现了另一个观点C（lots about the theory），而Jack立刻给出了yes表示同意，所以这个题目选C。
　　套路3：题干有“感情”
　　单选题的题干中往往会包含一些带有“感情”的词，重要的是这些感情词会在录音中被替换掉，而录音中出现“感情“词的地方往往就是答--案句。
　　首先题干中什么样的词才是感情词？感情词一般分两类：“好”和“坏”。
　　比如21题中difficulty(困难)就是表示“坏”感情：
　　21.Russ says that his difficulty in planning the presentation  is due to
　　A. his lack of knowledge about the topic.
　　B. his uncertainty about what he should try to achieve.
　　C. the short time that he has for prep aration.
　　比如11题中的benefited（有利于）就是表示“好”感情：
　　11.What change in the road network is known to have benefited the town most？
　　A. the c onstruction of a byp ass
　　B. the development of cycle p aths
　　C. the banning of cars from certain streets
　　我们以剑桥12Test5Section2第11题为例：
　　11.Acc ording to the manager， what do most people like about the job of kitchen assistant？
　　A. the variety of work
　　B. the friendly atmosphere
　　C. the opportunities for promotion
　　这个题中出现了like这个表示“好”感情的词，所以在听题的同时，我们要想办法找到录音中表达“喜欢“的词(多半会被替换)。
　　原文里面是这样的：
　　OK， they might get shouted at sometimes， but it’s nothing personal， and they're pleased that they have so many different things to do. which means they never get bored.
　　pleased替换了like，而后面表达的so many different things to do 恰好就是A选项， 所以正确答--案是A.
　　我们再看一道包含“坏”感情的题目，这道题目源自剑桥13Test1Section2 12题：
　　12.In a survey， local residents p articularly c omplained about
　　A. dangerous driving by p arents.
　　B. pollution from trucks and lorries.
　　C. inc onvenience from p arked cars.
　　题干中包含了“坏”感情，c omplained(抱怨)，所以在听题的同时，我们要想办法找到录音中表达类似“抱怨“的“坏”词，原文里面是这样的：
　　People were very c oncerned about the jack of visibility on some roads due to cars p arked along the sides of the roads.
　　c oncerned表达了担忧，恰好是题干中“坏”的感情，而后面跟的内容恰好提到了C选项的cars，这样很快就能锁定C选项。
　　总结
　　1. p art3题目标注好男女，听题量会自动减半，利用男女排除错误答--案。
　　2. 题干出现agree，先定位观点，后注意观点后对方的态度，同意之前就是答--案。
　　3. 找到题干中的感情词就会找到答--案句，但是感情词会被替换。
　　常见感情词
　　“好”：
　　advantage/benefited/like/pleased/positive/…
　　“坏”：disappointing/problem/c omplained/c oncerned/drawback/mistake…